Sandpapering or analogous machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet '1. J. H. MANNING. SANDPAPERING 0R ANALOGOUSMAGHINE. No. 589,006.

Patented Aug. 31, 1897.

4- Sheets'Shet 2.

(No Model.)

J 11. MANNING. SANDPAPBRING OR ANALOGOUS MACHINE.

No. 589,006. Patented Aug. 3 131897.-

TNE unnms PETERS c0. mom-u'mo" wnsumnron. o. c.

(No Model.) 4 S eeee sSheet 3.

J. H. MANNING. SANDPAPERING 0R ANALOGOUS MACHINE.

- No. 589,006. Patented Aug. 31,1897.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 4.

- J. H. MANNING.

I sANDPAPERlNG 0R ANALOGOUS MACHINE; N0. 589,006.

Patented Aug. 31,1897.

K 1% W W UNITED STATES FFICE.

PATENT JAMES H MANNING, OF OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 589,006, dated-August31, 1897. Application filed April 21, 1896. Renewed June 24, 1897.Serial No. 642,161. (No model.)

'1'0 42% whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES H. MANNING, a citizen of the United States,residing at Omaha, in the county of Douglas, in the State of Nebraska,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in San dpapering orAnalogous Machines, of which the following is a description, referencebeinghad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification. i

The chief object of my invention is to provide a light portable poweroperated sandpapering-machine which may be employed instead of handworkin dressing offthe sides and ends of railway and street cars and othervehicles, though the machine may be used for other purposes thansandpapering, and Where used for the latter purpose its utility is notrestricted to Work upon cars. and vehicles, all as will be hereinafterexplained.

The machine consists, essentially, of a rotary shaft carrying at one endthe sandpaperdisk or other working surface, a rotary motor mounted uponsaid shaft for turning the same, a suitable guide-frame adapted to bearagainst the surface being Worked upon, and means for adjusting thesandpapering-disk or other working surface to project it'more.

or less beyond the bearing-surface of the guide-frame to therebyregulate the action of such disk upon the surface being worked upon.

The novelty of my invention relates rather to the organization of themachine as a whole than to details in the mechanical construction of itsseveral parts, and it will be understood from the explanation which willbe hereinafter given that the machine illustrated in the drawings inrespect to the details of its mechanical construction represents but oneform of machine in which my invention may .be embodied.

Having thus indicated the general nature of the invention, I will nowproceed to a further explanation of it by a detailed description of themachine which has, been illustrated in the drawings, in which-L Figure 1represents a perspectiveview of the complete machine, looking at one ofthe forward corners thereof; Fig. 2, a corresponding View looking at oneof, the rear corners thereof; Fig. 3, a vertical section on the line 3 3of Fig. 4, being substantially a front ele- Fig. 4, a vertical sectionon the line 4 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a vertical section approximately onthe line 5 5 of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 a vertical section approximately onthe line (5 6 of Fig. 4.

The same letters of reference are used to indicate identical parts inall the figures.

A represents a suitable frame, preferably of Wood, whose rear side,'Fig.2, is adapted to rest against the surface'being worked upon and regulatethe action of the sandpaperingdisk upon such surface in the mannerhereinafter explained. The rear side 'of this frame A is provided with acircular recess to accommodate the sandpapering-disk B, which latter isfirmly secured to the rear end of the rotary shaft 0, Fig. 4. This shaft0 is mounted to rotate in a cylinder D, secured to the forward side ofthe frame A and containing a rotary piston by which the shaft 0 isdriven. This cylinder or piston-chain her 0 is elliptical in form and isprovided at its right side with an inlet E for the motive fluid, whichis preferably compressed air, and at its left side with an.exhaust-opening F therefor. The rotary piston'consists of a hub G,having radial arms or spokes uniting it with a cylindrical rim,and aseries of radial plates'or pistons H, mounted in grooves in the arms ofsaid hub.

. Underthe construction shown in the drawings the hub of the piston isnot mounted directly-upon the shaft 0, though it might be, buthassecured within itsv bore a sleeve or bushing I, which fits upon theshaft. Fitting in a longitudinal groove in the shaft and in a coincidentgroove in the inner surface of the sleeve I is a key J, which looks therotary piston to the shaft 0 to cause the former to drive the latter.The groove in the shaft G in which the key J fits is longer than saidkey, as indicated by the'dotted lines, Fig. 4, so that the shaft may beadjusted longitudinally relatively to the piston and cylinder by themeans and for the purpose hereinafter described. The piston G isprovided upon its front and rear sides with a circular recess, as shownby the solid lines in Fig. 3 and indicated by the dotted lines in Fig.6, to accommodate two elliptical cams K K, which are secured in fixedposition to the front and rear heads of the cylinder D. These cams Kconform in shape to the elliptical interior of the cylinder D and are ofsuch size that the space between their surfaces and the inner surface ofthe cylinder is approximately equal to the length of the radial platesII. The inner ends of these plates lI bear against the surfaces of thecams K, and as the piston rotates the plates II are reciprocated backand forth in their guideways by the contact of their inner ends with thecams K K and of their outer ends with the inner surface of th cylinder.

The inlet-port E communicates at its inner end with a transverse passageL, which opens at its opposite ends into two similar passages M M, (fulllines, Fig. 3, and dotted lines. Fig. 6,) each of which passages M opensat its opposite ends into the interior of the cylinder by diametricallyopposite ports N N. The passages M M in the present instance consist ofgrooves formed in the outer surfaces of the opposite ends of the body ofthe cylinder D, as seen in Fig. 3, which grooves are closed to form thepassages by the heads 0 and P of the cylinder, as seen in Fig. 4.

The exhaust-port F opens at its inner end into a transverse passage Q,which communicates at its opposite ends with elliptical passages R R,formed in the opposite heads of the cylinder, Figs. 4.- and 5. Eachofthese elliptical passages R opens into the pistonchamber or interiorof the cylinder by two diametrically opposite ports S S, Figs. 3, 5, and0. Under this construction and arrangement of the parts the compressedair or other motive fluid admitted at E will pass through the passages MM and enter the piston-chamber by the ports N N and drive the piston inthe direction of the arrows, the motive fluid escaping after it hasacted upon the plates H of the piston through the exhaust-ports S S, andthence through the passages R R and Q and out the exhaust F. The pistonbeing keyed to the shaft C will carry the latter with it and turn thesandpapering-disk B.

The exhaust-port F is connected by a small pipe T with a large pipe U,projecting to the left of the machine and opening at its righthand orinner end, Fig. 4, into a chamber formed within the frame A byconnecting said frame with the rear side of the cylinder by means of asheet-metal casing V, the rear head of the cylinder forming the frontwall of this chamber and the sandpapering-disk forming its rear or outerwall. The exhaust through the pipe T into the pipe U creates an outwarddraft through the latter which will exhaust the air through this chamberfrom the space at the periphery of the disk 13 and thus serve to carryoff much of the d ust created by the action of said disk upon thesurface being worked upon.

It will be understood from the foregoing that if the shaft 0 be adjustedlongitudially, so that the surface of the sandpapering-disk projectsvery slightly to the rear of the surface of the frame A, only moderatepressure of said disk upon the work can be exerted and only a shallowcut be taken, while if the shaft be adjusted to project the disk fartherbeyond the rear surface of the frame A a heavier pressure of the diskupon the work may be exerted and a deeper cut taken. At the beginning ofwork upon a surface to be dressed it is often desired to press thesandpaper more firmly against the work and take a deeper cut and removethe surface more rapidly than after the surface has been given a roughdressing in this manner and is being finished. The means illustrated inthe d rawings for adjusting the shaft 0 longitudinally for this purposeconsists of an adjustingscrew \V, which is passed through a threadedopening in a cap-nut X, screwed upon the front cylinder-head O, andwhich has upon its inner end a conical head whose point bears againstthe extreme front end of the shaft (1 and which is held against saidshaft by a collar Y, in which the conical head of the screw V isconfined, which collar is screwed upon the reduced threaded front end ofthe shaft C. The screw \V has a hand-wheel or thumbdisk Z fastened uponits outer end by which it may be turned, and fitting upon it against thecap-nut X is a lock-nut A, having a handle B. \Vhen it is desired toadjust the shaft in either direction, the lock-nut A is loosened and thescrew V turned to either draw the shaft forward or force it rearward, asdesired, and the lock-nut then tightened up to hold the shaft in thisadjusted position. There is a similar cap-n ut C surrounding the shaftat the rear of the cylinder and screwed upon the rear cylinder-head andserving to confine a packing around the shaft at the rear end of asleeve or bushing D, which surrounds the shaft and extends through thecylinder-head and through the adjacent cam K. A similar sleeve orbushing D surrounds the front end of the shaft and extends through theforward cam K and forward cylinderhead 0.

The particular construction of the sandpapering-disk illustrated in thedrawings is as follows: Screwed upon the reduced rear end of the shaft Cis a metal disk E, having a threaded periphery adapted to receive ascrew-ring F, having an inturned flange at its outer side or edge.Fitted upon the disk E is a disk G, preferably of wood, having a beveledperiphery adapting it to fit within and be confined by theinwardly-projecting flange of the screw-ring F. In assembling the partsa circular piece of sandpaper is placed upon the disk G. The screw-ringis then fitted over the disk, so as to press the edge of the sandpaperdown upon the beveled periphery of the disk G, and the ring F is thenscrewed upon the disk E to hold the disk G and the sandpaper inposition. \Vhen the paper becomes worn, it may be easily and quicklyrenewed by loosening the ring F and removing the disk G and inserting afresh piece of paper.

. The machine is provided with two handles by which the workman may holdit as he presses its rear side against the surface of the work, thecompressed air or other motive fluid being conveyed to the inlet-port Eof the machine through a flexible tube leading to the source of supply.In using the machine upon vertical surfaces, such as the sides and endsof cars,for which purposes the machine shown in the drawings wasespecially design ed, the machine may be suspended by a rope or chainfrom any suitable adjustable supporting and 'counterbalancing device, sothat the workman will be relieved of the weight of the machine and haveonly to guide it over and press it upon the vertical surface of thework.

The general practice at present in the building of cars is to applymachine-finished lumber to their sides and ends and to then crossplaneand sandpaper it by hand to produce a perfect surface ready'for thepaint. By the use of my new machine all such handwork is avoided and amore regular and perfectly-finished surface is produced in very muchless time and at very much less expense than by the hand method.

As heretofore stated, the chief object of my invention is the provisionof a suitable machine for taking the place of handwork in dressing thevertical sides and ends of railway-cars and similar vehicles, and thatis the use to which the machines which I have built in accordance withthe drawings and description in this case have been extensively put; butit willbe evident that any desired working surface may be substitutedforthe sandpapering-disk in using the machine for other purposes, and Icontemplate, among other uses for the machine, the substitution of awire brush for the sandpapering-disk to be employed for dressing stone,metal castings, and similar purposes.

So far as I am aware I am the first in the art to produce a machine ofthis general characterembodying a rotary shaft carrying at one end theworking disk or surface, a motor mounted on the shaft for driving it,and means for regulating the action of the ,machine upon the work in themanner described, and my invention in its broader aspect is therefore ofcorresponding scope.

I am aware that various sorts of finishing and polishing machines haveheretofore been devised which embodied a rotary shaft carrying at oneend a Working disk or surface and that in some instances means have beenprovided for adjusting said shaft longitudinally to project the workingsurface more or less beyond the frame of the machine; but

in such machines the rotary shaft was driven by gearing or beltingconnecting it with an external and independent driving mechanism,whereas my machine is entirely self-contained and is driven by its ownindependent motor carried upon its rotary shaft.

Having thus fully described my invention,

I claim 1. In a machine such as described, the combination of a rotaryshaft, a motor mounted thereon for turning it, a working surface securedto one end of said shaft, and means for regulating the action of themachine upon the work in the manner and for the purpose described.

2. In a machine such as described, the combination of a rotary shaft, amotor mounted thereon for turning it, a working surface secured to oneend of said shaft, aguide-frame or bearing-surface adjacent said workingsurface and adapted to rest against the surface of the work, and meansfor adjusting the working surface to project it more or less beyond suchframe or bearing-surface for the purpose described.

3. In a machine such as described, the com- I bination of a rotaryshaft,a motor mounted thereon for turning it, a working surface se: cured toone end of said shaft, a guide-frame or bearing surface adjacent saidworking surface and adapted to rest against the surface of the work, andmeans at the opposite end of the shaft for adj usting the samelongitudinally to project said working surface more or less beyond suchframe or bearingsurface, for the purpose described.

4. In a machine such as described, the combination of a cylinder, arotary shaft journaled therein, a rotary piston mounted upon and turningwith the shaft within the cylinder, a working surface secured to one endof said shaft, and means for regulating the action of said surface uponthe work in the manner and for the purpose described.

5. In a machine such as described, the combination of a cylinder, arotary shaft journaled therein and movable longitudinally in itsbearings, a rotary piston mounted upon said shaft within the cylinderand connected thereto so as to turn the shaft with it but permitindependent longitudinal movement of it, a working surface secured toone end of the shaft, a guide-frame secured to the cylinder and adaptedto rest against the surface 'of the work adjacent said working surface,and means for adjusting the rotary shaft longitudinally to project thedisk more or less beyond said frame, for the purpose described.

6. In a machine such as described, the combination of the frame A, therotary shaft 0, the disk B secured to the end of said shaft, a rotarymotor mounted upon said shaft for turning it, the adjusting-serewWthreaded through a fixed support and provided with a head bearingagainst the end of the shaft 0 opposite the end which carries'the disk13, the collar Y confining the head of said screw against the end ofsaid shaft, and the locknut A for holding the screw and shaft in theirdifferent adjusted positions, substantially as described.

7. In a machine such as described, the combination of the cylinder Dhaving the heads 0 P, the rotary shaft C journaled in said cylinder, therotary piston mounted upon said shaft within said cylinder and connectedto the shaft by means permitting independent longitudinal adjustment ofthe shaft, the capnut X screwed upon the cylinder-head O, the adjusting-screw W threaded through the nut X and provided with the conicalhead bearing against the front end of the shaft C, the collar Y screwedupon the front end of the shaft and confining the head of the screw \Vagainst the same, and the lock-nut A mounted on the screw andcooperating with the cap-nut X, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the cylinderD having the heads 0 P, the rotaryshaft 0 journaled therein, the rotary piston keyed upon said shaftwithin the cylinder, the frame A secured to the rear cylinder-head P,the Working disk B secured to the rear end of the shaft C, the adjustingscrew \V threaded through the cap-nut X screwed upon the frontcylinder-headO and having the conical head bearing against the front endof the shaft 0, and the collar Y screwed upon the front end of saidshaft and confining the head of the screw V against the same,substantially as described.

9. The combination of the cylinder, the rotary shaft journaled therein,the rotary piston mounted upon said shaft within the cylinder, theworking disk upon the front end of the shaft, the frame and easingforming the chamber between said disk and the cylinder, the pipe leadingfrom said chamber, and the exhaust-pipe from the cylinder connected tothe first-mentioned pipe, for the purpose described.

JAHES II. MANNING.

Vitnesses:

J A. LINAHAN, CHAS. L. SMITH.

